Studies on the mechanisms of mammalian cell killing by a freeze-thaw cycle: Conditions that prevent cell killing using nucleated freezing

Chemical Compounds

• Cryoprotective Agent 100%
• Mammalian Cell 72%
• Sucrose 43%
• Isotonic Solution 37%
• Organic Solvent 34%
• Fluidization 31%
• Vitrification 30%
• Trehalose 29%
• Dimethyl Sulfoxide 22%
• Glycerol 19%
• Glucose 17%
• Resistance 14%

Agriculture & Biology

• freeze-thaw cycles 85%
• freezing 60%
• cryoprotectants 40%
• carbohydrates 23%
• thawing 23%
• cells 22%
• sucrose 16%
• toxicity 15%
• vitrification 13%
• concentrating 13%
• trehalose 12%
• dimethyl sulfoxide 12%
• ice 11%
• cultured cells 10%
• crystals 10%
• cell membranes 10%
• glycerol 9%
• cell lines 8%
• uptake mechanisms 7%
• glucose 6%
• methodology 3%

Medicine & Life Sciences

• Dimethyl Sulfoxide 77%
• Freezing 70%
• Sucrose 34%
• Cultured Cells 29%
• Isotonic Solutions 24%
• Trehalose 23%
• Vitrification 23%
• Ice 21%
• Membranes 20%
• Cytoprotection 20%
• Glycerol 18%
• Cell Membrane 12%
• Glucose 10%
• Cell Line 10%