Study of the ultrahigh-energy primary-cosmic-ray composition with the MACRO experiment

S. Ahlen; M. Ambrosio; R. Antolini; G. Auriemma; A. Baldini; B. B. Bam; G. C. Barbarino; B. C. Barish; G. Battistom; R. Bellotti; C. Bemporad; P. Bernardini; H. Bilokon; V. Bisi; C. Bloise; S. Bussino; F. Cafagna; M. Calicchio; P. Campana; D. Campana; M. Carboni; S. Cecchini; F. Cei; V. Chiarella; C. Chiera; A. Cobis; R. Cormack; A. Corona; S. Coutu; G. DeCataldo; C. DeMarzo; M. De Vincenzi; A. Di Credico; E. Diehl; O. Erriquez; C. Favuzzi; D. Ficenec; C. Forti; L. Foti; P. Fusco; G. Giacomelli; G. Giannini; N. Giglietto; P. Giubellino; M. Grassi; P. Green; A. Grillo; F. Guarino; C. Gustavino; A. Habig; R. Heinz; J. T. Hong; E. Iarocci; E. Katsavounidis; E. Kearns; S. Klein; S. Kyriazopoulou; E. Lamanna; C. Lane; C. Lee; D. Levin; P. Lipari; G. Liu; R. Liu; M. J. Longo; G. Ludlam; G. Mancarella; G. Mandrioli; A. Margiotta-Neri; A. Marin; A. Marini; D. Martello; G. Martellotti; A. Marzari Chiesa; M. Masera; P. Matteuzzi; D. G. Michael; L. Miller; P. Monacelli; M. Monteno; S. Mufson; J. Musser; S. Nutter; C. Okada; G. Osteria; O. Palamara; S. Parlati; V. Patera; L. Patrizii; R. Pazzi; C. W. Peck; J. Petrakis; S. Petrera; N. D. Pignatano; P. Pistilli; F. Predieri; L. Ramello; J. Reynoldson; F. Ronga; G. Rosa; C. Satriano; L. Satta; E. Scapparone; K. Scholberg; A. Sciubba; P. Serra Lugaresi; M. Severi; M. Sitta; P. Spinelli; M. Spinetti; M. Spurio; J. Steele; R. Steinberg; J. L. Stone; L. R. Sulak; A. Surdo; G. Tarlé; V. Togo; V. Valente; G. R. Verdone; C. W. Walter; R. Webb; W. Worstell

doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.46.895

Study of the ultrahigh-energy primary-cosmic-ray composition with the MACRO experiment

S. Ahlen, M. Ambrosio, R. Antolini, G. Auriemma, A. Baldini, B. B. Bam, G. C. Barbarino, B. C. Barish, G. Battistom, R. Bellotti, C. Bemporad, P. Bernardini, H. Bilokon, V. Bisi, C. Bloise, S. Bussino, F. Cafagna, M. Calicchio, P. Campana, D. CampanaM. Carboni, S. Cecchini, F. Cei, V. Chiarella, C. Chiera, A. Cobis, R. Cormack, A. Corona, S. Coutu, G. DeCataldo, C. DeMarzo, M. De Vincenzi, A. Di Credico, E. Diehl, O. Erriquez, C. Favuzzi, D. Ficenec, C. Forti, L. Foti, P. Fusco, G. Giacomelli, G. Giannini, N. Giglietto, P. Giubellino, M. Grassi, P. Green, A. Grillo, F. Guarino, C. Gustavino, A. Habig, R. Heinz, J. T. Hong, E. Iarocci, E. Katsavounidis, E. Kearns, S. Klein, S. Kyriazopoulou, E. Lamanna, C. Lane, C. Lee, D. Levin, P. Lipari, G. Liu, R. Liu, M. J. Longo, G. Ludlam, G. Mancarella, G. Mandrioli, A. Margiotta-Neri, A. Marin, A. Marini, D. Martello, G. Martellotti, A. Marzari Chiesa, M. Masera, P. Matteuzzi, D. G. Michael, L. Miller, P. Monacelli, M. Monteno, S. Mufson, J. Musser, S. Nutter, C. Okada, G. Osteria, O. Palamara, S. Parlati, V. Patera, L. Patrizii, R. Pazzi, C. W. Peck, J. Petrakis, S. Petrera, N. D. Pignatano, P. Pistilli, F. Predieri, L. Ramello, J. Reynoldson, F. Ronga, G. Rosa, C. Satriano, L. Satta, E. Scapparone, K. Scholberg, A. Sciubba, P. Serra Lugaresi, M. Severi, M. Sitta, P. Spinelli, M. Spinetti, M. Spurio, J. Steele, R. Steinberg, J. L. Stone, L. R. Sulak, A. Surdo, G. Tarlé, V. Togo, V. Valente, G. R. Verdone, C. W. Walter, R. Webb, W. Worstell

Physics & Astronomy (Duluth)

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Abstract

We present the analysis of multiple-muon events collected with one supermodule (1013 h live time) and two supermodules (1195 h live time) of the MACRO detector at Gran Sasso, Italy. Multimuon rates are shown to be sensitive to primary-cosmic-ray energies between 50 TeV and several thousand TeV. Experimental data are compared with the expected rates from two composition models: a light (i.e., proton-rich) and a heavy (i.e., Fe-rich) composition. The predictions are based on a Monte Carlo simulation of the hadronic interactions of cosmic-ray nuclei, followed by a detailed tracking of the muons through the rock and the experimental apparatus. The results show good sensitivity of the MACRO detector to primary composition. The data exhibit a preference towards the light composition model.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	895-902
Number of pages	8
Journal	Physical Review D
Volume	46
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.46.895
State	Published - 1992

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Ahlen, S., Ambrosio, M., Antolini, R., Auriemma, G., Baldini, A., Bam, B. B., Barbarino, G. C., Barish, B. C., Battistom, G., Bellotti, R., Bemporad, C., Bernardini, P., Bilokon, H., Bisi, V., Bloise, C., Bussino, S., Cafagna, F., Calicchio, M., Campana, P., ... Worstell, W. (1992). Study of the ultrahigh-energy primary-cosmic-ray composition with the MACRO experiment. Physical Review D, 46(3), 895-902. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.46.895

Ahlen, S, Ambrosio, M, Antolini, R, Auriemma, G, Baldini, A, Bam, BB, Barbarino, GC, Barish, BC, Battistom, G, Bellotti, R, Bemporad, C, Bernardini, P, Bilokon, H, Bisi, V, Bloise, C, Bussino, S, Cafagna, F, Calicchio, M, Campana, P, Campana, D, Carboni, M, Cecchini, S, Cei, F, Chiarella, V, Chiera, C, Cobis, A, Cormack, R, Corona, A, Coutu, S, DeCataldo, G, DeMarzo, C, De Vincenzi, M, Di Credico, A, Diehl, E, Erriquez, O, Favuzzi, C, Ficenec, D, Forti, C, Foti, L, Fusco, P, Giacomelli, G, Giannini, G, Giglietto, N, Giubellino, P, Grassi, M, Green, P, Grillo, A, Guarino, F, Gustavino, C, Habig, A, Heinz, R, Hong, JT, Iarocci, E, Katsavounidis, E, Kearns, E, Klein, S, Kyriazopoulou, S, Lamanna, E, Lane, C, Lee, C, Levin, D, Lipari, P, Liu, G, Liu, R, Longo, MJ, Ludlam, G, Mancarella, G, Mandrioli, G, Margiotta-Neri, A, Marin, A, Marini, A, Martello, D, Martellotti, G, Chiesa, AM, Masera, M, Matteuzzi, P, Michael, DG, Miller, L, Monacelli, P, Monteno, M, Mufson, S, Musser, J, Nutter, S, Okada, C, Osteria, G, Palamara, O, Parlati, S, Patera, V, Patrizii, L, Pazzi, R, Peck, CW, Petrakis, J, Petrera, S, Pignatano, ND, Pistilli, P, Predieri, F, Ramello, L, Reynoldson, J, Ronga, F, Rosa, G, Satriano, C, Satta, L, Scapparone, E, Scholberg, K, Sciubba, A, Lugaresi, PS, Severi, M, Sitta, M, Spinelli, P, Spinetti, M, Spurio, M, Steele, J, Steinberg, R, Stone, JL, Sulak, LR, Surdo, A, Tarlé, G, Togo, V, Valente, V, Verdone, GR, Walter, CW, Webb, R & Worstell, W 1992, 'Study of the ultrahigh-energy primary-cosmic-ray composition with the MACRO experiment', Physical Review D, vol. 46, no. 3, pp. 895-902. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.46.895

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title = "Study of the ultrahigh-energy primary-cosmic-ray composition with the MACRO experiment",

abstract = "We present the analysis of multiple-muon events collected with one supermodule (1013 h live time) and two supermodules (1195 h live time) of the MACRO detector at Gran Sasso, Italy. Multimuon rates are shown to be sensitive to primary-cosmic-ray energies between 50 TeV and several thousand TeV. Experimental data are compared with the expected rates from two composition models: a light (i.e., proton-rich) and a heavy (i.e., Fe-rich) composition. The predictions are based on a Monte Carlo simulation of the hadronic interactions of cosmic-ray nuclei, followed by a detailed tracking of the muons through the rock and the experimental apparatus. The results show good sensitivity of the MACRO detector to primary composition. The data exhibit a preference towards the light composition model.",

author = "S. Ahlen and M. Ambrosio and R. Antolini and G. Auriemma and A. Baldini and Bam, {B. B.} and Barbarino, {G. C.} and Barish, {B. C.} and G. Battistom and R. Bellotti and C. Bemporad and P. Bernardini and H. Bilokon and V. Bisi and C. Bloise and S. Bussino and F. Cafagna and M. Calicchio and P. Campana and D. Campana and M. Carboni and S. Cecchini and F. Cei and V. Chiarella and C. Chiera and A. Cobis and R. Cormack and A. Corona and S. Coutu and G. DeCataldo and C. DeMarzo and {De Vincenzi}, M. and {Di Credico}, A. and E. Diehl and O. Erriquez and C. Favuzzi and D. Ficenec and C. Forti and L. Foti and P. Fusco and G. Giacomelli and G. Giannini and N. Giglietto and P. Giubellino and M. Grassi and P. Green and A. Grillo and F. Guarino and C. Gustavino and A. Habig and R. Heinz and Hong, {J. T.} and E. Iarocci and E. Katsavounidis and E. Kearns and S. Klein and S. Kyriazopoulou and E. Lamanna and C. Lane and C. Lee and D. Levin and P. Lipari and G. Liu and R. Liu and Longo, {M. J.} and G. Ludlam and G. Mancarella and G. Mandrioli and A. Margiotta-Neri and A. Marin and A. Marini and D. Martello and G. Martellotti and Chiesa, {A. Marzari} and M. Masera and P. Matteuzzi and Michael, {D. G.} and L. Miller and P. Monacelli and M. Monteno and S. Mufson and J. Musser and S. Nutter and C. Okada and G. Osteria and O. Palamara and S. Parlati and V. Patera and L. Patrizii and R. Pazzi and Peck, {C. W.} and J. Petrakis and S. Petrera and Pignatano, {N. D.} and P. Pistilli and F. Predieri and L. Ramello and J. Reynoldson and F. Ronga and G. Rosa and C. Satriano and L. Satta and E. Scapparone and K. Scholberg and A. Sciubba and Lugaresi, {P. Serra} and M. Severi and M. Sitta and P. Spinelli and M. Spinetti and M. Spurio and J. Steele and R. Steinberg and Stone, {J. L.} and Sulak, {L. R.} and A. Surdo and G. Tarl{\'e} and V. Togo and V. Valente and Verdone, {G. R.} and Walter, {C. W.} and R. Webb and W. Worstell",

year = "1992",

doi = "10.1103/PhysRevD.46.895",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "46",

pages = "895--902",

journal = "Physical Review D",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Study of the ultrahigh-energy primary-cosmic-ray composition with the MACRO experiment

AU - Ahlen, S.

AU - Ambrosio, M.

AU - Antolini, R.

AU - Auriemma, G.

AU - Baldini, A.

AU - Bam, B. B.

AU - Barbarino, G. C.

AU - Barish, B. C.

AU - Battistom, G.

AU - Bellotti, R.

AU - Bemporad, C.

AU - Bernardini, P.

AU - Bilokon, H.

AU - Bisi, V.

AU - Bloise, C.

AU - Bussino, S.

AU - Cafagna, F.

AU - Calicchio, M.

AU - Campana, P.

AU - Campana, D.

AU - Carboni, M.

AU - Cecchini, S.

AU - Cei, F.

AU - Chiarella, V.

AU - Chiera, C.

AU - Cobis, A.

AU - Cormack, R.

AU - Corona, A.

AU - Coutu, S.

AU - DeCataldo, G.

AU - DeMarzo, C.

AU - De Vincenzi, M.

AU - Di Credico, A.

AU - Diehl, E.

AU - Erriquez, O.

AU - Favuzzi, C.

AU - Ficenec, D.

AU - Forti, C.

AU - Foti, L.

AU - Fusco, P.

AU - Giacomelli, G.

AU - Giannini, G.

AU - Giglietto, N.

AU - Giubellino, P.

AU - Grassi, M.

AU - Green, P.

AU - Grillo, A.

AU - Guarino, F.

AU - Gustavino, C.

AU - Habig, A.

AU - Heinz, R.

AU - Hong, J. T.

AU - Iarocci, E.

AU - Katsavounidis, E.

AU - Kearns, E.

AU - Klein, S.

AU - Kyriazopoulou, S.

AU - Lamanna, E.

AU - Lane, C.

AU - Lee, C.

AU - Levin, D.

AU - Lipari, P.

AU - Liu, G.

AU - Liu, R.

AU - Longo, M. J.

AU - Ludlam, G.

AU - Mancarella, G.

AU - Mandrioli, G.

AU - Margiotta-Neri, A.

AU - Marin, A.

AU - Marini, A.

AU - Martello, D.

AU - Martellotti, G.

AU - Chiesa, A. Marzari

AU - Masera, M.

AU - Matteuzzi, P.

AU - Michael, D. G.

AU - Miller, L.

AU - Monacelli, P.

AU - Monteno, M.

AU - Mufson, S.

AU - Musser, J.

AU - Nutter, S.

AU - Okada, C.

AU - Osteria, G.

AU - Palamara, O.

AU - Parlati, S.

AU - Patera, V.

AU - Patrizii, L.

AU - Pazzi, R.

AU - Peck, C. W.

AU - Petrakis, J.

AU - Petrera, S.

AU - Pignatano, N. D.

AU - Pistilli, P.

AU - Predieri, F.

AU - Ramello, L.

AU - Reynoldson, J.

AU - Ronga, F.

AU - Rosa, G.

AU - Satriano, C.

AU - Satta, L.

AU - Scapparone, E.

AU - Scholberg, K.

AU - Sciubba, A.

AU - Lugaresi, P. Serra

AU - Severi, M.

AU - Sitta, M.

AU - Spinelli, P.

AU - Spinetti, M.

AU - Spurio, M.

AU - Steele, J.

AU - Steinberg, R.

AU - Stone, J. L.

AU - Sulak, L. R.

AU - Surdo, A.

AU - Tarlé, G.

AU - Togo, V.

AU - Valente, V.

AU - Verdone, G. R.

AU - Walter, C. W.

AU - Webb, R.

AU - Worstell, W.

PY - 1992

Y1 - 1992

N2 - We present the analysis of multiple-muon events collected with one supermodule (1013 h live time) and two supermodules (1195 h live time) of the MACRO detector at Gran Sasso, Italy. Multimuon rates are shown to be sensitive to primary-cosmic-ray energies between 50 TeV and several thousand TeV. Experimental data are compared with the expected rates from two composition models: a light (i.e., proton-rich) and a heavy (i.e., Fe-rich) composition. The predictions are based on a Monte Carlo simulation of the hadronic interactions of cosmic-ray nuclei, followed by a detailed tracking of the muons through the rock and the experimental apparatus. The results show good sensitivity of the MACRO detector to primary composition. The data exhibit a preference towards the light composition model.

AB - We present the analysis of multiple-muon events collected with one supermodule (1013 h live time) and two supermodules (1195 h live time) of the MACRO detector at Gran Sasso, Italy. Multimuon rates are shown to be sensitive to primary-cosmic-ray energies between 50 TeV and several thousand TeV. Experimental data are compared with the expected rates from two composition models: a light (i.e., proton-rich) and a heavy (i.e., Fe-rich) composition. The predictions are based on a Monte Carlo simulation of the hadronic interactions of cosmic-ray nuclei, followed by a detailed tracking of the muons through the rock and the experimental apparatus. The results show good sensitivity of the MACRO detector to primary composition. The data exhibit a preference towards the light composition model.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=4243435563&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=4243435563&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1103/PhysRevD.46.895

DO - 10.1103/PhysRevD.46.895

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:4243435563

SN - 0556-2821

VL - 46

SP - 895

EP - 902

JO - Physical Review D

JF - Physical Review D

IS - 3

ER -

Study of the ultrahigh-energy primary-cosmic-ray composition with the MACRO experiment

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