Abstract
A supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) method is described for extracting lipids from fried-food samples. Response surface analysis was used to study the effects of variables, including pressure, temperature, flow rate, and modifier (methanol) on lipid extraction by SFE. The analysis of variance for the response variables indicated that the models developed were satisfactory with coefficients of determination of 0.95 and 0.92 for chicken nuggets and potato fries, respectively. The models predicted that increasing the pressure increased the percentage lipid extracted for both chicken nuggets and potato fries. In addition, the pressure by temperature interactions were significant for chicken nuggets and potato fries. Slight differences in fatty acid composition were observed between SFE and the Goldfisch method. The SF extracts contained traces of C12:0, C20:0, and C24:0 in chicken nuggets and C14:1, C18:3, C22:0, and C23:0 in potato fries, respectively, which are not found in the Goldfisch extracts. The optimal conditions for extraction are: 53 MPa, 150°C, 4 mL/min, and 10% modifier for chicken nuggets and 53 MPa, 150°C, 3 mL/min, and 0% modifier for potato fries. To duplicate the results of exhaustive Goldfisch extraction with petroleum ether, SFE conditions of 44 MPa, 80°C, 3 mL/min, and 0% modifier were used to produce similar results for both chicken nuggets and potato fries.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 1517-1523 |
Number of pages | 7 |
Journal | JAOCS, Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society |
Volume | 74 |
Issue number | 12 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Dec 1997 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:This study was supported in part by USDA National Research Initiative Competitive Grant Program (# 95-37500-238) and by the University of Georgia. The technical assistance of Glen D. Farrell and H. Lary Hitchcock was much appreciated.
Keywords
- Chicken nuggets
- Deep-fat frying
- Fatty acids
- Goldfisch
- Lipid extraction
- Potato fries
- RMS
- Response surface methodology
- SFE
- Supercritical fluid extraction