Symptom dimensions in OCD: Item-level factor analysis and heritability estimates

Hilga Katerberg; Kevin L. Delucchi; S. Evelyn Stewart; Christine Lochner; Damiaan A.J.P. Denys; Denise E. Stack; J. Michael Andresen; J. E. Grant; Suck W Kim; Kyle A. Williams; Johan A. Den Boer; Anton J.L.M. Van Balkom; Johannes H. Smit; Patricia Van Oppen; Annemiek Polman; Michael A. Jenike; Dan J. Stein; Carol A. Mathews; Danielle C. Cath

doi:10.1007/s10519-010-9339-z

Symptom dimensions in OCD: Item-level factor analysis and heritability estimates

Hilga Katerberg, Kevin L. Delucchi, S. Evelyn Stewart, Christine Lochner, Damiaan A.J.P. Denys, Denise E. Stack, J. Michael Andresen, J. E. Grant, Suck W Kim, Kyle A. Williams, Johan A. Den Boer, Anton J.L.M. Van Balkom, Johannes H. Smit, Patricia Van Oppen, Annemiek Polman, Michael A. Jenike, Dan J. Stein, Carol A. Mathews, Danielle C. Cath

Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

103 Scopus citations

Abstract

To reduce the phenotypic heterogeneity of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) for genetic, clinical and translational studies, numerous factor analyses of the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale checklist (YBOCS-CL) have been conducted. Results of these analyses have been inconsistent, likely as a consequence of small sample sizes and variable methodologies. Furthermore, data concerning the heritability of the factors are limited. Item and category-level factor analyses of YBOCS-CL items from 1224 OCD subjects were followed by heritability analyses in 52 OCD-affected multigenerational families. Item-level analyses indicated that a five factor model: (1) taboo, (2) contamination/ cleaning, (3) doubts, (4) superstitions/rituals, and (5) symmetry/hoarding provided the best fit, followed by a one-factor solution. All 5 factors as well as the one-factor solution were found to be heritable. Bivariate analyses indicated that the taboo and doubts factor, and the contamination and symmetry/ hoarding factor share genetic influences. Contamination and symmetry/hoarding show shared genetic variance with symptom severity. Nearly all factors showed shared environmental variance with each other and with symptom severity. These results support the utility of both OCD diagnosis and symptom dimensions in genetic research and clinical contexts. Both shared and unique genetic influences underlie susceptibility to OCD and its symptom dimensions.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	505-517
Number of pages	13
Journal	Behavior genetics
Volume	40
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s10519-010-9339-z
State	Published - Jul 2010

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Acknowledgments This work was supported in part by the Obsessive-Compulsive Foundation (Boston, USA), the Tourette Syndrome Association (Bayside, New York), the Anxiety Disorders Association of America (Boston, USA), the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (USA) and NARSAD (New York, USA).

Keywords

Factor analysis
Genetic
Heritability
OCD
Onset
Severity
Symptom dimensions
Y-BOCS

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Katerberg, H., Delucchi, K. L., Stewart, S. E., Lochner, C., Denys, D. A. J. P., Stack, D. E., Andresen, J. M., Grant, J. E., Kim, S. W., Williams, K. A., Den Boer, J. A., Van Balkom, A. J. L. M., Smit, J. H., Van Oppen, P., Polman, A., Jenike, M. A., Stein, D. J., Mathews, C. A., & Cath, D. C. (2010). Symptom dimensions in OCD: Item-level factor analysis and heritability estimates. Behavior genetics, 40(4), 505-517. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10519-010-9339-z

Katerberg, H, Delucchi, KL, Stewart, SE, Lochner, C, Denys, DAJP, Stack, DE, Andresen, JM, Grant, JE, Kim, SW, Williams, KA, Den Boer, JA, Van Balkom, AJLM, Smit, JH, Van Oppen, P, Polman, A, Jenike, MA, Stein, DJ, Mathews, CA & Cath, DC 2010, 'Symptom dimensions in OCD: Item-level factor analysis and heritability estimates', Behavior genetics, vol. 40, no. 4, pp. 505-517. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10519-010-9339-z

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abstract = "To reduce the phenotypic heterogeneity of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) for genetic, clinical and translational studies, numerous factor analyses of the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale checklist (YBOCS-CL) have been conducted. Results of these analyses have been inconsistent, likely as a consequence of small sample sizes and variable methodologies. Furthermore, data concerning the heritability of the factors are limited. Item and category-level factor analyses of YBOCS-CL items from 1224 OCD subjects were followed by heritability analyses in 52 OCD-affected multigenerational families. Item-level analyses indicated that a five factor model: (1) taboo, (2) contamination/ cleaning, (3) doubts, (4) superstitions/rituals, and (5) symmetry/hoarding provided the best fit, followed by a one-factor solution. All 5 factors as well as the one-factor solution were found to be heritable. Bivariate analyses indicated that the taboo and doubts factor, and the contamination and symmetry/ hoarding factor share genetic influences. Contamination and symmetry/hoarding show shared genetic variance with symptom severity. Nearly all factors showed shared environmental variance with each other and with symptom severity. These results support the utility of both OCD diagnosis and symptom dimensions in genetic research and clinical contexts. Both shared and unique genetic influences underlie susceptibility to OCD and its symptom dimensions.",

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note = "Funding Information: Acknowledgments This work was supported in part by the Obsessive-Compulsive Foundation (Boston, USA), the Tourette Syndrome Association (Bayside, New York), the Anxiety Disorders Association of America (Boston, USA), the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (USA) and NARSAD (New York, USA).",

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Symptom dimensions in OCD: Item-level factor analysis and heritability estimates

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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