Temporal changes in function and regional glucose uptake within stunned porcine myocardium

This study compared the effects of porcine myocardial stunning on the uptake of [¹⁸F]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) at 24 hr and 7 days after reperfusion. Prior studies in animals subjected to severe myocardial ischemia have shown a sustained increase in FDG uptake relative to perfusion (FDG/MBF). The time course of recovery of FDG/MBF relative to function poststunning, however, has not been well characterized. Methods: Stunning was induced in eight swine by partially occluding the LAD artery for 20 min. At 1 and 7 days postreperfusion, function was assessed by two-dimensional echocardiography and PET studies were obtained with FDG and either ¹⁵O- water or ¹³N-ammonia. Blood flow by microspheres was determined at baseline, during ischemia and after stunning. Myocardial uptake of FDG relative to blood flow on matching images (FDG/MBF) was calculated for all ROIs and expressed as a ratio of LAD to non-LAD areas. Results: After stunning, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) increased from 42% ± 10% on Day 1 to 52% ± 6% on Day 7 (p < 0.05). At Day 1, myocardial blood flow was 0.60 ± 0.10 ml/min/g in LAD and 0.67 ± 0.16 in non-LAD regions and neither differed at Day 7. The magnitude of FDG/MBF in the LAD region when normalized to the non-LAD region was 1.29 ± 0.16 on Day 1 and 1.09 ± 0.08 on Day 7 (p < 0.05) and was inversely proportional to global measures of LVEF (r² = 0.61; p < 0.005). Conclusion: The severity of postischemic LV dysfunction at 1 and 7 days after stunning correlates with the degree of enhanced regional glucose uptake as estimated by PET. Both normalize within 7 days, suggesting that metabolic and functional abnormalities within completely reperfused myocardium recover in parallel.