Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, responsible for Tuberculosis (TB), remains the leading cause of mortality among infectious diseases worldwide from a single infectious agent, with an es-timated 1.7 million deaths in 2016. Biotin is an essential cofactor in M. tuberculosis that is required for lipid biosynthesis and gluconeogenesis. M. tuberculosis relies on de novo biotin biosynthesis to obtain this vital cofactor since it cannot scavenge sufficient biotin from a mammalian host. The bio-tin biosynthetic pathway in M. tuberculosis has been well studied and rigorously genetically validated providing a solid foundation for medicinal chemistry efforts. This review examines the mechanism and structure of the enzymes involved in biotin biosynthesis and ligation, summarizes the re-ported genetic validation studies of the pathway, and then analyzes the most promising inhibitors and natural products obtained from structure-based drug design and phenotypic screening.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 4194-4232 |
Number of pages | 39 |
Journal | Current medicinal chemistry |
Volume | 27 |
Issue number | 25 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 2020 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:This work has been supported by grants (AI091790 and AI143784) from the National Institutes of Health.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 Bentham Science Publishers.
Keywords
- Antibi-otics
- Biosynthesis
- Biotin
- Enzymology
- Infectious disease
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- Tuberculosis
PubMed: MeSH publication types
- Journal Article
- Review