The strength of trophic cascades across ecosystems: Predictions from allometry and energetics

Earth & Environmental Sciences

• trophic cascade 100%
• allometry 95%
• energetics 66%
• ecosystem 43%
• predator 42%
• herbivore 38%
• prediction 36%
• systems comparison 18%
• productivity 16%
• top-down control 16%
• trophic structure 15%
• food chain 12%
• trophic level 12%
• vertebrate 11%
• invertebrate 10%
• effect 8%
• biomass 7%
• land 6%
• rate 4%
• water 3%

Agriculture & Biology

• allometry 86%
• ecosystems 55%
• prediction 50%
• body size 41%
• predators 36%
• herbivores 31%
• ectothermy 15%
• trophic levels 13%
• food chain 13%
• invertebrates 10%
• ingestion 9%
• vertebrates 9%
• biomass 7%
• water 5%