The very young type Ia supernova 2013dy: Discovery, and strong carbon absorption in early-time spectra

Weikang Zheng; Jeffrey M. Silverman; Alexei V. Filippenko; Daniel Kasen; Peter E. Nugent; Melissa Graham; Xiaofeng Wang; Stefano Valenti; Fabrizio Ciabattari; Patrick L. Kelly; Ori D. Fox; Isaac Shivvers; Kelsey I. Clubb; S. Bradley Cenko; Dave Balam; D. Andrew Howell; Eric Hsiao; Weidong Li; G. Howie Marion; David Sand; Jozsef Vinko; J. Craig Wheeler; Jujia Zhang

doi:10.1088/2041-8205/778/1/L15

The very young type Ia supernova 2013dy: Discovery, and strong carbon absorption in early-time spectra

Weikang Zheng, Jeffrey M. Silverman, Alexei V. Filippenko, Daniel Kasen, Peter E. Nugent, Melissa Graham, Xiaofeng Wang, Stefano Valenti, Fabrizio Ciabattari, Patrick L. Kelly, Ori D. Fox, Isaac Shivvers, Kelsey I. Clubb, S. Bradley Cenko, Dave Balam, D. Andrew Howell, Eric Hsiao, Weidong Li, G. Howie Marion, David SandJozsef Vinko, J. Craig Wheeler, Jujia Zhang

Minnesota Institute for Astrophysics

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Abstract

The Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 2013dy in NGC 7250 (d ≈ 13.7 Mpc) was discovered by the Lick Observatory Supernova Search. Combined with a prediscovery detection by the Italian Supernova Search Project, we are able to constrain the first-light time of SN 2013dy to be only 0.10 ± 0.05 days (2.4 ± 1.2 hr) before the first detection. This makes SN 2013dy the earliest known detection of an SN Ia. We infer an upper limit on the radius of the progenitor star of R ₀ ≲ 0.25 R _⊙, consistent with that of a white dwarf. The light curve exhibits a broken power law with exponents of 0.88 and then 1.80. A spectrum taken 1.63 days after first light reveals a C II absorption line comparable in strength to Si II. This is the strongest C II feature ever detected in a normal SN Ia, suggesting that the progenitor star had significant unburned material. The C II line in SN 2013dy weakens rapidly and is undetected in a spectrum 7 days later, indicating that C II is detectable for only a very short time in some SNe Ia. SN 2013dy reached a B-band maximum of M_B = -18.72 ± 0.03 mag ∼17.7 days after first light.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	L15
Journal	Astrophysical Journal Letters
Volume	778
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/778/1/L15
State	Published - Nov 20 2013

Keywords

supernovae: general
supernovae: individual (SN 2013dy)

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Zheng, W., Silverman, J. M., Filippenko, A. V., Kasen, D., Nugent, P. E., Graham, M., Wang, X., Valenti, S., Ciabattari, F., Kelly, P. L., Fox, O. D., Shivvers, I., Clubb, K. I., Cenko, S. B., Balam, D., Howell, D. A., Hsiao, E., Li, W., Howie Marion, G., ... Zhang, J. (2013). The very young type Ia supernova 2013dy: Discovery, and strong carbon absorption in early-time spectra. Astrophysical Journal Letters, 778(1), Article L15. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/778/1/L15

Zheng, W, Silverman, JM, Filippenko, AV, Kasen, D, Nugent, PE, Graham, M, Wang, X, Valenti, S, Ciabattari, F, Kelly, PL, Fox, OD, Shivvers, I, Clubb, KI, Cenko, SB, Balam, D, Howell, DA, Hsiao, E, Li, W, Howie Marion, G, Sand, D, Vinko, J, Wheeler, JC & Zhang, J 2013, 'The very young type Ia supernova 2013dy: Discovery, and strong carbon absorption in early-time spectra', Astrophysical Journal Letters, vol. 778, no. 1, L15. https://doi.org/10.1088/2041-8205/778/1/L15

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abstract = "The Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 2013dy in NGC 7250 (d ≈ 13.7 Mpc) was discovered by the Lick Observatory Supernova Search. Combined with a prediscovery detection by the Italian Supernova Search Project, we are able to constrain the first-light time of SN 2013dy to be only 0.10 ± 0.05 days (2.4 ± 1.2 hr) before the first detection. This makes SN 2013dy the earliest known detection of an SN Ia. We infer an upper limit on the radius of the progenitor star of R 0 ≲ 0.25 R ⊙, consistent with that of a white dwarf. The light curve exhibits a broken power law with exponents of 0.88 and then 1.80. A spectrum taken 1.63 days after first light reveals a C II absorption line comparable in strength to Si II. This is the strongest C II feature ever detected in a normal SN Ia, suggesting that the progenitor star had significant unburned material. The C II line in SN 2013dy weakens rapidly and is undetected in a spectrum 7 days later, indicating that C II is detectable for only a very short time in some SNe Ia. SN 2013dy reached a B-band maximum of MB = -18.72 ± 0.03 mag ∼17.7 days after first light.",

keywords = "supernovae: general, supernovae: individual (SN 2013dy)",

author = "Weikang Zheng and Silverman, {Jeffrey M.} and Filippenko, {Alexei V.} and Daniel Kasen and Nugent, {Peter E.} and Melissa Graham and Xiaofeng Wang and Stefano Valenti and Fabrizio Ciabattari and Kelly, {Patrick L.} and Fox, {Ori D.} and Isaac Shivvers and Clubb, {Kelsey I.} and Cenko, {S. Bradley} and Dave Balam and Howell, {D. Andrew} and Eric Hsiao and Weidong Li and {Howie Marion}, G. and David Sand and Jozsef Vinko and Wheeler, {J. Craig} and Jujia Zhang",

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T1 - The very young type Ia supernova 2013dy

T2 - Discovery, and strong carbon absorption in early-time spectra

AU - Zheng, Weikang

AU - Silverman, Jeffrey M.

AU - Filippenko, Alexei V.

AU - Kasen, Daniel

AU - Nugent, Peter E.

AU - Graham, Melissa

AU - Wang, Xiaofeng

AU - Valenti, Stefano

AU - Ciabattari, Fabrizio

AU - Kelly, Patrick L.

AU - Fox, Ori D.

AU - Shivvers, Isaac

AU - Clubb, Kelsey I.

AU - Cenko, S. Bradley

AU - Balam, Dave

AU - Howell, D. Andrew

AU - Hsiao, Eric

AU - Li, Weidong

AU - Howie Marion, G.

AU - Sand, David

AU - Vinko, Jozsef

AU - Wheeler, J. Craig

AU - Zhang, Jujia

PY - 2013/11/20

Y1 - 2013/11/20

N2 - The Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 2013dy in NGC 7250 (d ≈ 13.7 Mpc) was discovered by the Lick Observatory Supernova Search. Combined with a prediscovery detection by the Italian Supernova Search Project, we are able to constrain the first-light time of SN 2013dy to be only 0.10 ± 0.05 days (2.4 ± 1.2 hr) before the first detection. This makes SN 2013dy the earliest known detection of an SN Ia. We infer an upper limit on the radius of the progenitor star of R 0 ≲ 0.25 R ⊙, consistent with that of a white dwarf. The light curve exhibits a broken power law with exponents of 0.88 and then 1.80. A spectrum taken 1.63 days after first light reveals a C II absorption line comparable in strength to Si II. This is the strongest C II feature ever detected in a normal SN Ia, suggesting that the progenitor star had significant unburned material. The C II line in SN 2013dy weakens rapidly and is undetected in a spectrum 7 days later, indicating that C II is detectable for only a very short time in some SNe Ia. SN 2013dy reached a B-band maximum of MB = -18.72 ± 0.03 mag ∼17.7 days after first light.

AB - The Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 2013dy in NGC 7250 (d ≈ 13.7 Mpc) was discovered by the Lick Observatory Supernova Search. Combined with a prediscovery detection by the Italian Supernova Search Project, we are able to constrain the first-light time of SN 2013dy to be only 0.10 ± 0.05 days (2.4 ± 1.2 hr) before the first detection. This makes SN 2013dy the earliest known detection of an SN Ia. We infer an upper limit on the radius of the progenitor star of R 0 ≲ 0.25 R ⊙, consistent with that of a white dwarf. The light curve exhibits a broken power law with exponents of 0.88 and then 1.80. A spectrum taken 1.63 days after first light reveals a C II absorption line comparable in strength to Si II. This is the strongest C II feature ever detected in a normal SN Ia, suggesting that the progenitor star had significant unburned material. The C II line in SN 2013dy weakens rapidly and is undetected in a spectrum 7 days later, indicating that C II is detectable for only a very short time in some SNe Ia. SN 2013dy reached a B-band maximum of MB = -18.72 ± 0.03 mag ∼17.7 days after first light.

KW - supernovae: general

KW - supernovae: individual (SN 2013dy)

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SN - 2041-8205

VL - 778

JO - Astrophysical Journal Letters

JF - Astrophysical Journal Letters

IS - 1

M1 - L15

ER -

The very young type Ia supernova 2013dy: Discovery, and strong carbon absorption in early-time spectra

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