Abstract
Achieving better understanding phosphorus (P) flows through urban ecosystems is needed to conserve P, as non-renewable phosphate rock deposits become depleted and the global human population increases. A baseline mass flow analysis (MFA) for P developed for the Twin Cities Watershed (TCW, which includes most of the Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan region) showed that most P input was stored in the system (65%) or leaked from it (31%); only 4% was deliberately exported as useful products. In a realistic, comprehensive conservation scenario P input was reduced by 15%; deliberate export of P in the form of sewage sludge, food waste, and landscape waste was 68% of P input. In this scenario, increased deliberate export was accomplished by decreasing leakage (to 9% of input) and storage (to 23% of input). If used as agricultural fertilizer, the deliberately exported P in the conservation scenario would support about half of the food production required by the TCW.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 779-784 |
Number of pages | 6 |
Journal | Chemosphere |
Volume | 84 |
Issue number | 6 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Aug 2011 |
Keywords
- Brown devolution
- Conservation
- Phosphorus
- Phosphorus cycle
- Urban biogeochemistry
- Urban ecosystems