TY - JOUR
T1 - Comparative Effects of Antihypertensives on Proteinuria
T2 - Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor Versus α1-Antagonist
AU - Rosenberg, Mark E.
AU - Hostetter, Thomas H.
PY - 1991
Y1 - 1991
N2 - Control of hypertension improves the course of renal disease. We compared the renal hemodynamic and permselective responses to an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (CEI) (enalapril) and an α1-antagonist (prazosin) in 14 patients with established glomerular disease. A single-blinded, randomized, cross-over design was used consisting of a 3-week baseline period followed by two 4-week treatment periods, which were separated by a 4-week washout period. During the treatment periods, the CEI or α1-antagonist was added to the patients' baseline anti hypertensive medications. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was reduced to similar levels by both drugs, although the time-averaged blood pressure throughout the study was higher with the α1-antagonist. Twenty-four-hour urinary protein, albumin, and IgG excretion were not significantly different at the end of the CEI and α1-antagonist periods. However, compared with baseline values, significant decreases in total protein and IgG excretion occurred only during the CEI period, while albumin excretion decreased with both drugs. A 22% decrease in the fractional clearance of albumin (4.95 ± 1.44 to 3.88 ± 1.57 × 10-3; P < 0.01) and a 49% decrease in the fractional clearance of IgG (1.58 ± 0.42 to 0.81 ± 0.28 × 10-3; P < 0.001) occurred during CEI therapy with no significant changes in these paramaters being seen with α1-antagonist therapy (albumin: 4.95 ± 1.44 to 4.48 ± 1.51 × 10-3, P = NS; IgG:1.58 ± 0.42 to 1.71 ± 0.70 × 10-3, P = NS). At the time of the fractional clearance measurements, MAP proved to be lower on the CEI. Reanalysis of the data for the subgroup of 11 patients without differences in MAP during the clearance period demonstrated a beneficial effect favoring CEI. Except for the greatest decreases in blood pressure (21 to 30 mm Hg), a greater antiproteinuric effect for a given decrease in blood pressure was seen with the CEI. Additionally, reduction in proteinuria occurred in a subset of seven patients whose baseline MAP was in the normotensive range. In conclusion, lowering MAP improves proteinuria. CEI appears to exert a more favourable effect even at similar MAP. Reductions in blood pressure, even within the accepted normal range, lessen permselective defects.
AB - Control of hypertension improves the course of renal disease. We compared the renal hemodynamic and permselective responses to an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (CEI) (enalapril) and an α1-antagonist (prazosin) in 14 patients with established glomerular disease. A single-blinded, randomized, cross-over design was used consisting of a 3-week baseline period followed by two 4-week treatment periods, which were separated by a 4-week washout period. During the treatment periods, the CEI or α1-antagonist was added to the patients' baseline anti hypertensive medications. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was reduced to similar levels by both drugs, although the time-averaged blood pressure throughout the study was higher with the α1-antagonist. Twenty-four-hour urinary protein, albumin, and IgG excretion were not significantly different at the end of the CEI and α1-antagonist periods. However, compared with baseline values, significant decreases in total protein and IgG excretion occurred only during the CEI period, while albumin excretion decreased with both drugs. A 22% decrease in the fractional clearance of albumin (4.95 ± 1.44 to 3.88 ± 1.57 × 10-3; P < 0.01) and a 49% decrease in the fractional clearance of IgG (1.58 ± 0.42 to 0.81 ± 0.28 × 10-3; P < 0.001) occurred during CEI therapy with no significant changes in these paramaters being seen with α1-antagonist therapy (albumin: 4.95 ± 1.44 to 4.48 ± 1.51 × 10-3, P = NS; IgG:1.58 ± 0.42 to 1.71 ± 0.70 × 10-3, P = NS). At the time of the fractional clearance measurements, MAP proved to be lower on the CEI. Reanalysis of the data for the subgroup of 11 patients without differences in MAP during the clearance period demonstrated a beneficial effect favoring CEI. Except for the greatest decreases in blood pressure (21 to 30 mm Hg), a greater antiproteinuric effect for a given decrease in blood pressure was seen with the CEI. Additionally, reduction in proteinuria occurred in a subset of seven patients whose baseline MAP was in the normotensive range. In conclusion, lowering MAP improves proteinuria. CEI appears to exert a more favourable effect even at similar MAP. Reductions in blood pressure, even within the accepted normal range, lessen permselective defects.
KW - Antihypertensive
KW - angiotensin
KW - converting enzyme inhibitor
KW - enalapril
KW - prazosin.
KW - proteinuria
KW - renin
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0026044462&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/S0272-6386(12)80116-8
DO - 10.1016/S0272-6386(12)80116-8
M3 - Article
C2 - 1656730
AN - SCOPUS:0026044462
SN - 0272-6386
VL - 18
SP - 472
EP - 482
JO - American Journal of Kidney Diseases
JF - American Journal of Kidney Diseases
IS - 4
ER -