Earthworm invasion into previously earthworm-free temperate and boreal forests

Agriculture & Biology

• boreal forests 100%
• temperate forests 97%
• earthworms 87%
• seedbeds 23%
• humus 22%
• Uvularia 18%
• Osmorhiza 17%
• soil parent materials 16%
• Rhamnus cathartica 15%
• herbivores 15%
• Botrychium 15%
• Aralia 15%
• Trillium 14%
• forest decline 13%
• mor 13%
• soil food webs 13%
• soil horizons 12%
• Viola 12%
• mull 12%
• detritivores 12%
• Acer 11%
• fine roots 10%
• water flow 10%
• soil profiles 10%
• soil microorganisms 10%
• Betula 9%
• trajectories 9%
• vascular plants 9%
• soil 9%
• Populus 9%
• bulk density 9%
• leaching 9%
• land use 9%
• plant communities 8%
• soil quality 8%
• Quercus 8%
• herbs 8%
• Pinus 7%
• history 7%
• minerals 6%
• carbon 6%
• nutrients 5%

Earth & Environmental Sciences

• earthworm 95%
• temperate forest 92%
• boreal forest 84%
• humus 20%
• plant species 16%
• soil 15%
• plant-herbivore interaction 15%
• fine root 11%
• soil process 11%
• soil horizon 10%
• vascular plant 10%
• parent material 10%
• herb 9%
• herbivore 9%
• soil condition 9%
• bulk density 8%
• plant community 8%
• soil profile 8%
• litter 8%
• food web 8%
• community composition 8%
• material 7%
• North America 7%
• trajectory 7%
• leaching 7%
• land use 6%
• nutrient 6%
• ecosystem 5%
• carbon 5%
• history 5%
• water 2%