Abstract
This work aims to develop an emission inventory of methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), ammonia (NH3), nitrogen oxides (NO, NO2) and CO2 from various agricultural activities and wetlands in Delhi area using an emission factor and activity based approach between the years 2001 and 2011. Among all agricultural activities, livestock enteric fermentation (LEF) was found to be the main source, contributing up to 90% of total CH4. This is followed by livestock manure management (LMM) (6-7%), paddy field (3-5%) and burning of crop residue (0.6-0.9%). It was also found that LMM practices alone contributed ~99.8% of total N2O emissions and ~106-141 Gg of NH3 during 2001-2011. Crop residue burning was responsible for ~41 Gg of annual average emissions of NOx over the period 2001-2011. Annual CH4 emissions from rice cultivation practices were found to be in the 560-634Gg range during same period. N2O emission from crop residue burning and fertilizer were insignificant when compared with LMM practices. About 54Gg, 1.5Gg and 14Mg of CO2, CH4 and N2O, respectively, were released by natural and manmade wetlands in Delhi during 2009 while manmade wetlands were found to be responsible for 48-49% of total GHG (CO2,CH4,N2O) emissions.
| Original language | English (US) |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 123-127 |
| Number of pages | 5 |
| Journal | Ecological Engineering |
| Volume | 75 |
| DOIs | |
| State | Published - Feb 1 2015 |
Bibliographical note
Funding Information:BRG acknowledges the support given by the Max Planck Society (Germany) and Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz (Germany) through Max Planck Partner Group for Megacities and Global Change at IIT Roorkee to conduct this study. PK and BRG thank the UKIERI grant which allowed them to interact and write this joint article.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2014 Elsevier B.V.
Keywords
- Agriculture activities
- Enteric fermentation
- Greenhouse gas emissions
- India
- Manure management
- Megacity Delhi
