Genetic diversity and phylogeny of strains of Clavibacter nebraskensis associated with recent and historic Goss's wilt epidemics in the north Central USA

Blake T. Webster; Rebecca D. Curland; Cory D. Hirsch; Ryan R. McNally; Dean K. Malvick; Carol A. Ishimaru

doi:10.1111/ppa.13185

Genetic diversity and phylogeny of strains of Clavibacter nebraskensis associated with recent and historic Goss's wilt epidemics in the north Central USA

Blake T. Webster, Rebecca D. Curland, Cory D. Hirsch, Ryan R. McNally, Dean K. Malvick, Carol A. Ishimaru

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3 Scopus citations

Abstract

Goss's wilt and blight of maize, caused by Clavibacter nebraskensis, is an important disease in the USA and Canada. The re-emergence of Goss's wilt in the mid-2000s and the subsequent spread of this disease probably resulted from changes in crop management practices and possibly changes in the pathogen population. The objectives of this study were to determine the genetic diversity and phylogeny of strains of C. nebraskensis associated with recent and historic Goss's wilt epidemics in the north Central USA, to measure the effects of collection period on population structure, and to identify the phylogenetic status of avirulent strains of C. nebraskensis. Multilocus sequence analysis and typing were used to address these objectives. Bayesian analysis of the sequences of atpD, dnaK, and kdpA separated the type strain of C. nebraskensis from type or reference strains of three other Clavibacter spp. The 125 strains of C. nebraskensis used in this study formed a monophyletic taxon. Four lineages were identified. Clades I, II, and IV contained a high proportion of highly virulent strains from the Upper Midwest. Clade III contained a high proportion of strains from Nebraska, Colorado, and South Dakota collected between 1969 and 1998. A significant substructure was detected between subpopulations from historic outbreaks in Nebraska and Colorado and more recent outbreaks in Minnesota. Virulence or avirulence in maize was not correlated with a particular MLSA clade. The results support the hypothesis that genetic changes in the population of C. nebraskensis were correlated with recent area expansions of Goss's wilt.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	990-1002
Number of pages	13
Journal	Plant Pathology
Volume	69
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1111/ppa.13185
State	Published - Aug 1 2020

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We thank the Minnesota Corn Research and Promotion Council, Minnesota Rapid Agricultural Response Fund, and the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station for providing funding and facilities to conduct this work. We also thank the many generous individuals who donated cultures used in this study.

Funding Information:
We thank the Minnesota Corn Research and Promotion Council, Minnesota Rapid Agricultural Response Fund, and the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station for providing funding and facilities to conduct this work. We also thank the many generous individuals who donated cultures used in this study.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 British Society for Plant Pathology

Keywords

MLST
corn
disease
diversity
maize
multilocus sequence analysis

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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title = "Genetic diversity and phylogeny of strains of Clavibacter nebraskensis associated with recent and historic Goss's wilt epidemics in the north Central USA",

abstract = "Goss's wilt and blight of maize, caused by Clavibacter nebraskensis, is an important disease in the USA and Canada. The re-emergence of Goss's wilt in the mid-2000s and the subsequent spread of this disease probably resulted from changes in crop management practices and possibly changes in the pathogen population. The objectives of this study were to determine the genetic diversity and phylogeny of strains of C. nebraskensis associated with recent and historic Goss's wilt epidemics in the north Central USA, to measure the effects of collection period on population structure, and to identify the phylogenetic status of avirulent strains of C. nebraskensis. Multilocus sequence analysis and typing were used to address these objectives. Bayesian analysis of the sequences of atpD, dnaK, and kdpA separated the type strain of C. nebraskensis from type or reference strains of three other Clavibacter spp. The 125 strains of C. nebraskensis used in this study formed a monophyletic taxon. Four lineages were identified. Clades I, II, and IV contained a high proportion of highly virulent strains from the Upper Midwest. Clade III contained a high proportion of strains from Nebraska, Colorado, and South Dakota collected between 1969 and 1998. A significant substructure was detected between subpopulations from historic outbreaks in Nebraska and Colorado and more recent outbreaks in Minnesota. Virulence or avirulence in maize was not correlated with a particular MLSA clade. The results support the hypothesis that genetic changes in the population of C. nebraskensis were correlated with recent area expansions of Goss's wilt.",

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note = "Funding Information: We thank the Minnesota Corn Research and Promotion Council, Minnesota Rapid Agricultural Response Fund, and the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station for providing funding and facilities to conduct this work. We also thank the many generous individuals who donated cultures used in this study. Funding Information: We thank the Minnesota Corn Research and Promotion Council, Minnesota Rapid Agricultural Response Fund, and the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station for providing funding and facilities to conduct this work. We also thank the many generous individuals who donated cultures used in this study. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 British Society for Plant Pathology",

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AU - McNally, Ryan R.

AU - Malvick, Dean K.

AU - Ishimaru, Carol A.

N1 - Funding Information: We thank the Minnesota Corn Research and Promotion Council, Minnesota Rapid Agricultural Response Fund, and the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station for providing funding and facilities to conduct this work. We also thank the many generous individuals who donated cultures used in this study. Funding Information: We thank the Minnesota Corn Research and Promotion Council, Minnesota Rapid Agricultural Response Fund, and the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station for providing funding and facilities to conduct this work. We also thank the many generous individuals who donated cultures used in this study. Publisher Copyright: © 2020 British Society for Plant Pathology

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N2 - Goss's wilt and blight of maize, caused by Clavibacter nebraskensis, is an important disease in the USA and Canada. The re-emergence of Goss's wilt in the mid-2000s and the subsequent spread of this disease probably resulted from changes in crop management practices and possibly changes in the pathogen population. The objectives of this study were to determine the genetic diversity and phylogeny of strains of C. nebraskensis associated with recent and historic Goss's wilt epidemics in the north Central USA, to measure the effects of collection period on population structure, and to identify the phylogenetic status of avirulent strains of C. nebraskensis. Multilocus sequence analysis and typing were used to address these objectives. Bayesian analysis of the sequences of atpD, dnaK, and kdpA separated the type strain of C. nebraskensis from type or reference strains of three other Clavibacter spp. The 125 strains of C. nebraskensis used in this study formed a monophyletic taxon. Four lineages were identified. Clades I, II, and IV contained a high proportion of highly virulent strains from the Upper Midwest. Clade III contained a high proportion of strains from Nebraska, Colorado, and South Dakota collected between 1969 and 1998. A significant substructure was detected between subpopulations from historic outbreaks in Nebraska and Colorado and more recent outbreaks in Minnesota. Virulence or avirulence in maize was not correlated with a particular MLSA clade. The results support the hypothesis that genetic changes in the population of C. nebraskensis were correlated with recent area expansions of Goss's wilt.

AB - Goss's wilt and blight of maize, caused by Clavibacter nebraskensis, is an important disease in the USA and Canada. The re-emergence of Goss's wilt in the mid-2000s and the subsequent spread of this disease probably resulted from changes in crop management practices and possibly changes in the pathogen population. The objectives of this study were to determine the genetic diversity and phylogeny of strains of C. nebraskensis associated with recent and historic Goss's wilt epidemics in the north Central USA, to measure the effects of collection period on population structure, and to identify the phylogenetic status of avirulent strains of C. nebraskensis. Multilocus sequence analysis and typing were used to address these objectives. Bayesian analysis of the sequences of atpD, dnaK, and kdpA separated the type strain of C. nebraskensis from type or reference strains of three other Clavibacter spp. The 125 strains of C. nebraskensis used in this study formed a monophyletic taxon. Four lineages were identified. Clades I, II, and IV contained a high proportion of highly virulent strains from the Upper Midwest. Clade III contained a high proportion of strains from Nebraska, Colorado, and South Dakota collected between 1969 and 1998. A significant substructure was detected between subpopulations from historic outbreaks in Nebraska and Colorado and more recent outbreaks in Minnesota. Virulence or avirulence in maize was not correlated with a particular MLSA clade. The results support the hypothesis that genetic changes in the population of C. nebraskensis were correlated with recent area expansions of Goss's wilt.

KW - MLST

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JO - Plant Pathology

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ER -

Genetic diversity and phylogeny of strains of Clavibacter nebraskensis associated with recent and historic Goss's wilt epidemics in the north Central USA

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

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