TY - JOUR
T1 - Influence of ejection fraction on outcomes and efficacy of spironolactone in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
AU - Solomon, Scott D.
AU - Claggett, Brian
AU - Lewis, Eldrin F.
AU - Desai, Akshay
AU - Anand, Inder
AU - Sweitzer, Nancy K.
AU - O'meara, Eileen
AU - Shah, Sanjiv J.
AU - Mckinlay, Sonja
AU - Fleg, Jerome L.
AU - Sopko, George
AU - Pitt, Bertram
AU - Pfeffer, Marc A.
PY - 2016/2/1
Y1 - 2016/2/1
N2 - Aims While mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) have been shown to benefit patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), spironolactone did not reduce the primary endpoint of cardiovascular death, heart failure hospitalization, or aborted cardiac arrest in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in the TOPCAT trial, which enrolled patients with LVEF of 45% or greater. We utilized data from TOPCAT to assess the relationship between LVEF as well as outcomes and efficacy of spironolactone. Methods and results We assessed differences in baseline characteristics and outcomes across LVEF categories in 3444 patients with HFpEF, and determined whether LVEF modified the treatment effect of spironolactone. Ejection fraction ranged from 44 to 85%. Patients with higher ejection fraction were older, more likely to be female, less likely to have a history of myocardial infarction, and more likely to have a history of hypertension and diabetes. The incidence of the primary endpoint and cardiovascular death was highest in patients at the lower end of the ejection fraction spectrum. Ejection fraction modified the spironolactone treatment effect, particularly in the patients enrolled in the Americas, for the primary outcome (P = 0.046) and for heart failure hospitalization (P = 0.039), with stronger estimated benefits of spironolactone at the lower end of the ejection fraction spectrum with respect to the primary endpoint (LVEF <50%: HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.50, 1.05; LVEF ≥60%: HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.76, 1.23) and heart failure hospitalization (LVEF <50%: HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.46, 1.27; LVEF ≥60%: HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.74, 1.30). Conclusion In patients with HFpEF enrolled in TOPCAT, patient characteristics and outcomes varied substantially by LVEF. The potential efficacy of spironolactone was greatest at the lower end of the LVEF spectrum. ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT00094302.
AB - Aims While mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs) have been shown to benefit patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), spironolactone did not reduce the primary endpoint of cardiovascular death, heart failure hospitalization, or aborted cardiac arrest in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) in the TOPCAT trial, which enrolled patients with LVEF of 45% or greater. We utilized data from TOPCAT to assess the relationship between LVEF as well as outcomes and efficacy of spironolactone. Methods and results We assessed differences in baseline characteristics and outcomes across LVEF categories in 3444 patients with HFpEF, and determined whether LVEF modified the treatment effect of spironolactone. Ejection fraction ranged from 44 to 85%. Patients with higher ejection fraction were older, more likely to be female, less likely to have a history of myocardial infarction, and more likely to have a history of hypertension and diabetes. The incidence of the primary endpoint and cardiovascular death was highest in patients at the lower end of the ejection fraction spectrum. Ejection fraction modified the spironolactone treatment effect, particularly in the patients enrolled in the Americas, for the primary outcome (P = 0.046) and for heart failure hospitalization (P = 0.039), with stronger estimated benefits of spironolactone at the lower end of the ejection fraction spectrum with respect to the primary endpoint (LVEF <50%: HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.50, 1.05; LVEF ≥60%: HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.76, 1.23) and heart failure hospitalization (LVEF <50%: HR 0.76, 95% CI 0.46, 1.27; LVEF ≥60%: HR 0.98, 95% CI 0.74, 1.30). Conclusion In patients with HFpEF enrolled in TOPCAT, patient characteristics and outcomes varied substantially by LVEF. The potential efficacy of spironolactone was greatest at the lower end of the LVEF spectrum. ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT00094302.
KW - Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
KW - Spironolactone
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U2 - 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv464
DO - 10.1093/eurheartj/ehv464
M3 - Article
C2 - 26374849
AN - SCOPUS:84960104469
SN - 0195-668X
VL - 37
SP - 455
EP - 462
JO - European Heart Journal
JF - European Heart Journal
IS - 5
ER -
