Optically polarized ¹²⁹Xe NMR investigation of carbon nanotubes

We demonstrate the utility of optically polarized ¹²⁹Xe NMR in a convection cell for measuring the surface properties of materials. In particular, we show adsorption of xenon gas on oxidatively purified single- and multiwalled carbon nanotubes. The interaction between xenon and multiwalled nanotubes produced by chemical vapor deposition was stronger than that of single- or multiwalled nanotubes produced by carbon arc discharge. Xenon was observed in gas, liquid, and adsorbed phases. The large polarization and moderate pressures of xenon (∼0.2 MPa) allowed resolution of multiple lines in both the gas and condensed phases of xenon in contact with carbon nanotubes. Xe gas exchanges with physisorbed xenon in two different environments. Xe adsorbs preferentially on defects, but if the number of defects is not sufficient, it will also adsorb on surface and interstitial sites. Penetration of Xe in the tube interior was not observed.