The first focused hard X-ray images of the sun with NuSTAR

Brian W. Grefenstette; Lindsay Glesener; Säm Krucker; Hugh Hudson; Iain G. Hannah; David M. Smith; Julia K. Vogel; Stephen M. White; Kristin K. Madsen; Andrew J. Marsh; Amir Caspi; Bin Chen; Albert Shih; Matej Kuhar; Steven E. Boggs; Finn E. Christensen; William W. Craig; Karl Forster; Charles J. Hailey; Fiona A. Harrison; Hiromasa Miyasaka; Daniel Stern; William W. Zhang

doi:10.3847/0004-637X/826/1/20

The first focused hard X-ray images of the sun with NuSTAR

Brian W. Grefenstette, Lindsay Glesener, Säm Krucker, Hugh Hudson, Iain G. Hannah, David M. Smith, Julia K. Vogel, Stephen M. White, Kristin K. Madsen, Andrew J. Marsh, Amir Caspi, Bin Chen, Albert Shih, Matej Kuhar, Steven E. Boggs, Finn E. Christensen, William W. Craig, Karl Forster, Charles J. Hailey, Fiona A. HarrisonHiromasa Miyasaka, Daniel Stern, William W. Zhang

Physics and Astronomy (Twin Cities)

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

42 Scopus citations

Abstract

We present results from the the first campaign of dedicated solar observations undertaken by the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope ARray (NuSTAR) hard X-ray (HXR) telescope. Designed as an astrophysics mission, NuSTAR nonetheless has the capability of directly imaging the Sun at HXR energies (>3 keV) with an increase in sensitivity of at least two magnitude compared to current non-focusing telescopes. In this paper we describe the scientific areas where NuSTAR will make major improvements on existing solar measurements. We report on the techniques used to observe the Sun with NuSTAR, their limitations and complications, and the procedures developed to optimize solar data quality derived from our experience with the initial solar observations. These first observations are briefly described, including the measurement of the Fe K-shell lines in a decaying X-class flare, HXR emission from high in the solar corona, and full-disk HXR images of the Sun.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	20
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	826
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/826/1/20
State	Published - Jul 20 2016

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2016. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved.

Keywords

Sun: X-rays, gamma rays
acceleration of particles
methods: data analysis

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Grefenstette, B. W., Glesener, L., Krucker, S., Hudson, H., Hannah, I. G., Smith, D. M., Vogel, J. K., White, S. M., Madsen, K. K., Marsh, A. J., Caspi, A., Chen, B., Shih, A., Kuhar, M., Boggs, S. E., Christensen, F. E., Craig, W. W., Forster, K., Hailey, C. J., ... Zhang, W. W. (2016). The first focused hard X-ray images of the sun with NuSTAR. Astrophysical Journal, 826(1), Article 20. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/826/1/20

Grefenstette, BW, Glesener, L, Krucker, S, Hudson, H, Hannah, IG, Smith, DM, Vogel, JK, White, SM, Madsen, KK, Marsh, AJ, Caspi, A, Chen, B, Shih, A, Kuhar, M, Boggs, SE, Christensen, FE, Craig, WW, Forster, K, Hailey, CJ, Harrison, FA, Miyasaka, H, Stern, D & Zhang, WW 2016, 'The first focused hard X-ray images of the sun with NuSTAR', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 826, no. 1, 20. https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/826/1/20

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AU - Vogel, Julia K.

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AU - Chen, Bin

AU - Shih, Albert

AU - Kuhar, Matej

AU - Boggs, Steven E.

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AU - Craig, William W.

AU - Forster, Karl

AU - Hailey, Charles J.

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AU - Miyasaka, Hiromasa

AU - Stern, Daniel

AU - Zhang, William W.

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AB - We present results from the the first campaign of dedicated solar observations undertaken by the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope ARray (NuSTAR) hard X-ray (HXR) telescope. Designed as an astrophysics mission, NuSTAR nonetheless has the capability of directly imaging the Sun at HXR energies (>3 keV) with an increase in sensitivity of at least two magnitude compared to current non-focusing telescopes. In this paper we describe the scientific areas where NuSTAR will make major improvements on existing solar measurements. We report on the techniques used to observe the Sun with NuSTAR, their limitations and complications, and the procedures developed to optimize solar data quality derived from our experience with the initial solar observations. These first observations are briefly described, including the measurement of the Fe K-shell lines in a decaying X-class flare, HXR emission from high in the solar corona, and full-disk HXR images of the Sun.

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KW - methods: data analysis

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The first focused hard X-ray images of the sun with NuSTAR

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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