Agriculture & Biology
Rubus spectabilis
100%
coarse woody debris
78%
ground vegetation
76%
Vaccinium parvifolium
75%
Gaultheria shallon
65%
stumps
64%
forest litter
63%
Washington (state)
59%
plant establishment
58%
understory
55%
Polystichum munitum
37%
Rubus ursinus
34%
species richness
31%
vegetation
27%
refuge habitats
21%
deciduous forests
20%
ferns and fern allies
19%
light intensity
16%
niches
16%
canopy
14%
species diversity
14%
Earth & Environmental Sciences
forest floor
64%
understory
58%
coarse woody debris
45%
vegetation
33%
substrate
22%
species richness
18%
fern
13%
refugium
12%
light intensity
12%
ordination
12%
deciduous forest
12%
niche
10%
plant species
9%
regeneration
9%
canopy
9%