Very-high energy observations of the galactic center region by veritas in 2010-2012

A. Archer; A. Barnacka; M. Beilicke; W. Benbow; K. Berger; R. Bird; J. Biteau; J. H. Buckley; V. Bugaev; K. Byrum; J. V. Cardenzana; M. Cerruti; W. Chen; X. Chen; L. Ciupik; M. P. Connolly; W. Cui; H. J. Dickinson; J. Dumm; J. D. Eisch; A. Falcone; S. Federici; Q. Feng; J. P. Finley; H. Fleischhack; L. Fortson; A. Furniss; N. Galante; S. Griffin; S. T. Griffiths; J. Grube; G. Gyuk; N. Håkansson; D. Hanna; J. Holder; G. Hughes; C. A. Johnson; P. Kaaret; P. Kar; M. Kertzman; Y. Khassen; D. Kieda; H. Krawczynski; S. Kumar; M. J. Lang; G. Maier; S. McArthur; A. McCann; K. Meagher; P. Moriarty; R. Mukherjee; D. Nieto; A. O'Faoláin De Bhróithe; R. A. Ong; A. N. Otte; N. Park; J. S. Perkins; M. Pohl; A. Popkow; H. Prokoph; E. Pueschel; J. Quinn; K. Ragan; J. Rajotte; L. C. Reyes; P. T. Reynolds; G. T. Richards; E. Roache; G. H. Sembroski; K. Shahinyan; A. W. Smith; D. Staszak; I. Telezhinsky; J. V. Tucci; J. Tyler; A. Varlotta; S. Vincent; S. P. Wakely; A. Weinstein; R. Welsing; A. Wilhelm; D. A. Williams; A. Zajczyk; B. Zitzer

doi:10.1088/0004-637X/790/2/149

Very-high energy observations of the galactic center region by veritas in 2010-2012

A. Archer, A. Barnacka, M. Beilicke, W. Benbow, K. Berger, R. Bird, J. Biteau, J. H. Buckley, V. Bugaev, K. Byrum, J. V. Cardenzana, M. Cerruti, W. Chen, X. Chen, L. Ciupik, M. P. Connolly, W. Cui, H. J. Dickinson, J. Dumm, J. D. EischA. Falcone, S. Federici, Q. Feng, J. P. Finley, H. Fleischhack, L. Fortson, A. Furniss, N. Galante, S. Griffin, S. T. Griffiths, J. Grube, G. Gyuk, N. Håkansson, D. Hanna, J. Holder, G. Hughes, C. A. Johnson, P. Kaaret, P. Kar, M. Kertzman, Y. Khassen, D. Kieda, H. Krawczynski, S. Kumar, M. J. Lang, G. Maier, S. McArthur, A. McCann, K. Meagher, P. Moriarty, R. Mukherjee, D. Nieto, A. O'Faoláin De Bhróithe, R. A. Ong, A. N. Otte, N. Park, J. S. Perkins, M. Pohl, A. Popkow, H. Prokoph, E. Pueschel, J. Quinn, K. Ragan, J. Rajotte, L. C. Reyes, P. T. Reynolds, G. T. Richards, E. Roache, G. H. Sembroski, K. Shahinyan, A. W. Smith, D. Staszak, I. Telezhinsky, J. V. Tucci, J. Tyler, A. Varlotta, S. Vincent, S. P. Wakely, A. Weinstein, R. Welsing, A. Wilhelm, D. A. Williams, A. Zajczyk, B. Zitzer

Physics and Astronomy (Twin Cities)

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23 Scopus citations

Abstract

The Galactic center is an interesting region for high-energy (0.1-100 GeV) and very-high-energy (E > 100 GeV) γ-ray observations. Potential sources of GeV/TeV γ-ray emission have been suggested, e.g., the accretion of matter onto the supermassive black hole, cosmic rays from a nearby supernova remnant (e.g., Sgr A East), particle acceleration in a plerion, or the annihilation of dark matter particles. The Galactic center has been detected by EGRET and by Fermi/LAT in the MeV/GeV energy band. At TeV energies, the Galactic center was detected with moderate significance by the CANGAROO and Whipple 10 m telescopes and with high significance by H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS. We present the results from three years of VERITAS observations conducted at large zenith angles resulting in a detection of the Galactic center on the level of 18 standard deviations at energies above ∼2.5 TeV. The energy spectrum is derived and is found to be compatible with hadronic, leptonic, and hybrid emission models discussed in the literature. Future, more detailed measurements of the high-energy cutoff and better constraints on the high-energy flux variability will help to refine and/or disentangle the individual models.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	149
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	790
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/790/2/149
State	Published - Aug 1 2014

Keywords

Galaxy: center
astroparticle physics
black hole physics
gamma rays: galaxies
methods: data analysis
radiation mechanisms: non-thermal

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10.1088/0004-637X/790/2/149

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Archer, A., Barnacka, A., Beilicke, M., Benbow, W., Berger, K., Bird, R., Biteau, J., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V., Byrum, K., Cardenzana, J. V., Cerruti, M., Chen, W., Chen, X., Ciupik, L., Connolly, M. P., Cui, W., Dickinson, H. J., Dumm, J., ... Zitzer, B. (2014). Very-high energy observations of the galactic center region by veritas in 2010-2012. Astrophysical Journal, 790(2), Article 149. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/790/2/149

Archer, A, Barnacka, A, Beilicke, M, Benbow, W, Berger, K, Bird, R, Biteau, J, Buckley, JH, Bugaev, V, Byrum, K, Cardenzana, JV, Cerruti, M, Chen, W, Chen, X, Ciupik, L, Connolly, MP, Cui, W, Dickinson, HJ, Dumm, J, Eisch, JD, Falcone, A, Federici, S, Feng, Q, Finley, JP, Fleischhack, H, Fortson, L, Furniss, A, Galante, N, Griffin, S, Griffiths, ST, Grube, J, Gyuk, G, Håkansson, N, Hanna, D, Holder, J, Hughes, G, Johnson, CA, Kaaret, P, Kar, P, Kertzman, M, Khassen, Y, Kieda, D, Krawczynski, H, Kumar, S, Lang, MJ, Maier, G, McArthur, S, McCann, A, Meagher, K, Moriarty, P, Mukherjee, R, Nieto, D, O'Faoláin De Bhróithe, A, Ong, RA, Otte, AN, Park, N, Perkins, JS, Pohl, M, Popkow, A, Prokoph, H, Pueschel, E, Quinn, J, Ragan, K, Rajotte, J, Reyes, LC, Reynolds, PT, Richards, GT, Roache, E, Sembroski, GH, Shahinyan, K, Smith, AW, Staszak, D, Telezhinsky, I, Tucci, JV, Tyler, J, Varlotta, A, Vincent, S, Wakely, SP, Weinstein, A, Welsing, R, Wilhelm, A, Williams, DA, Zajczyk, A & Zitzer, B 2014, 'Very-high energy observations of the galactic center region by veritas in 2010-2012', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 790, no. 2, 149. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/790/2/149

@article{1b056c49e7e643d8947ae6cd9d62e722,

title = "Very-high energy observations of the galactic center region by veritas in 2010-2012",

abstract = "The Galactic center is an interesting region for high-energy (0.1-100 GeV) and very-high-energy (E > 100 GeV) γ-ray observations. Potential sources of GeV/TeV γ-ray emission have been suggested, e.g., the accretion of matter onto the supermassive black hole, cosmic rays from a nearby supernova remnant (e.g., Sgr A East), particle acceleration in a plerion, or the annihilation of dark matter particles. The Galactic center has been detected by EGRET and by Fermi/LAT in the MeV/GeV energy band. At TeV energies, the Galactic center was detected with moderate significance by the CANGAROO and Whipple 10 m telescopes and with high significance by H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS. We present the results from three years of VERITAS observations conducted at large zenith angles resulting in a detection of the Galactic center on the level of 18 standard deviations at energies above ∼2.5 TeV. The energy spectrum is derived and is found to be compatible with hadronic, leptonic, and hybrid emission models discussed in the literature. Future, more detailed measurements of the high-energy cutoff and better constraints on the high-energy flux variability will help to refine and/or disentangle the individual models.",

keywords = "Galaxy: center, astroparticle physics, black hole physics, gamma rays: galaxies, methods: data analysis, radiation mechanisms: non-thermal",

author = "A. Archer and A. Barnacka and M. Beilicke and W. Benbow and K. Berger and R. Bird and J. Biteau and Buckley, {J. H.} and V. Bugaev and K. Byrum and Cardenzana, {J. V.} and M. Cerruti and W. Chen and X. Chen and L. Ciupik and Connolly, {M. P.} and W. Cui and Dickinson, {H. J.} and J. Dumm and Eisch, {J. D.} and A. Falcone and S. Federici and Q. Feng and Finley, {J. P.} and H. Fleischhack and L. Fortson and A. Furniss and N. Galante and S. Griffin and Griffiths, {S. T.} and J. Grube and G. Gyuk and N. H{\aa}kansson and D. Hanna and J. Holder and G. Hughes and Johnson, {C. A.} and P. Kaaret and P. Kar and M. Kertzman and Y. Khassen and D. Kieda and H. Krawczynski and S. Kumar and Lang, {M. J.} and G. Maier and S. McArthur and A. McCann and K. Meagher and P. Moriarty and R. Mukherjee and D. Nieto and {O'Faol{\'a}in De Bhr{\'o}ithe}, A. and Ong, {R. A.} and Otte, {A. N.} and N. Park and Perkins, {J. S.} and M. Pohl and A. Popkow and H. Prokoph and E. Pueschel and J. Quinn and K. Ragan and J. Rajotte and Reyes, {L. C.} and Reynolds, {P. T.} and Richards, {G. T.} and E. Roache and Sembroski, {G. H.} and K. Shahinyan and Smith, {A. W.} and D. Staszak and I. Telezhinsky and Tucci, {J. V.} and J. Tyler and A. Varlotta and S. Vincent and Wakely, {S. P.} and A. Weinstein and R. Welsing and A. Wilhelm and Williams, {D. A.} and A. Zajczyk and B. Zitzer",

year = "2014",

month = aug,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1088/0004-637X/790/2/149",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "790",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

issn = "0004-637X",

publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.",

number = "2",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Very-high energy observations of the galactic center region by veritas in 2010-2012

AU - Archer, A.

AU - Barnacka, A.

AU - Beilicke, M.

AU - Benbow, W.

AU - Berger, K.

AU - Bird, R.

AU - Biteau, J.

AU - Buckley, J. H.

AU - Bugaev, V.

AU - Byrum, K.

AU - Cardenzana, J. V.

AU - Cerruti, M.

AU - Chen, W.

AU - Chen, X.

AU - Ciupik, L.

AU - Connolly, M. P.

AU - Cui, W.

AU - Dickinson, H. J.

AU - Dumm, J.

AU - Eisch, J. D.

AU - Falcone, A.

AU - Federici, S.

AU - Feng, Q.

AU - Finley, J. P.

AU - Fleischhack, H.

AU - Fortson, L.

AU - Furniss, A.

AU - Galante, N.

AU - Griffin, S.

AU - Griffiths, S. T.

AU - Grube, J.

AU - Gyuk, G.

AU - Håkansson, N.

AU - Hanna, D.

AU - Holder, J.

AU - Hughes, G.

AU - Johnson, C. A.

AU - Kaaret, P.

AU - Kar, P.

AU - Kertzman, M.

AU - Khassen, Y.

AU - Kieda, D.

AU - Krawczynski, H.

AU - Kumar, S.

AU - Lang, M. J.

AU - Maier, G.

AU - McArthur, S.

AU - McCann, A.

AU - Meagher, K.

AU - Moriarty, P.

AU - Mukherjee, R.

AU - Nieto, D.

AU - O'Faoláin De Bhróithe, A.

AU - Ong, R. A.

AU - Otte, A. N.

AU - Park, N.

AU - Perkins, J. S.

AU - Pohl, M.

AU - Popkow, A.

AU - Prokoph, H.

AU - Pueschel, E.

AU - Quinn, J.

AU - Ragan, K.

AU - Rajotte, J.

AU - Reyes, L. C.

AU - Reynolds, P. T.

AU - Richards, G. T.

AU - Roache, E.

AU - Sembroski, G. H.

AU - Shahinyan, K.

AU - Smith, A. W.

AU - Staszak, D.

AU - Telezhinsky, I.

AU - Tucci, J. V.

AU - Tyler, J.

AU - Varlotta, A.

AU - Vincent, S.

AU - Wakely, S. P.

AU - Weinstein, A.

AU - Welsing, R.

AU - Wilhelm, A.

AU - Williams, D. A.

AU - Zajczyk, A.

AU - Zitzer, B.

PY - 2014/8/1

Y1 - 2014/8/1

N2 - The Galactic center is an interesting region for high-energy (0.1-100 GeV) and very-high-energy (E > 100 GeV) γ-ray observations. Potential sources of GeV/TeV γ-ray emission have been suggested, e.g., the accretion of matter onto the supermassive black hole, cosmic rays from a nearby supernova remnant (e.g., Sgr A East), particle acceleration in a plerion, or the annihilation of dark matter particles. The Galactic center has been detected by EGRET and by Fermi/LAT in the MeV/GeV energy band. At TeV energies, the Galactic center was detected with moderate significance by the CANGAROO and Whipple 10 m telescopes and with high significance by H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS. We present the results from three years of VERITAS observations conducted at large zenith angles resulting in a detection of the Galactic center on the level of 18 standard deviations at energies above ∼2.5 TeV. The energy spectrum is derived and is found to be compatible with hadronic, leptonic, and hybrid emission models discussed in the literature. Future, more detailed measurements of the high-energy cutoff and better constraints on the high-energy flux variability will help to refine and/or disentangle the individual models.

AB - The Galactic center is an interesting region for high-energy (0.1-100 GeV) and very-high-energy (E > 100 GeV) γ-ray observations. Potential sources of GeV/TeV γ-ray emission have been suggested, e.g., the accretion of matter onto the supermassive black hole, cosmic rays from a nearby supernova remnant (e.g., Sgr A East), particle acceleration in a plerion, or the annihilation of dark matter particles. The Galactic center has been detected by EGRET and by Fermi/LAT in the MeV/GeV energy band. At TeV energies, the Galactic center was detected with moderate significance by the CANGAROO and Whipple 10 m telescopes and with high significance by H.E.S.S., MAGIC, and VERITAS. We present the results from three years of VERITAS observations conducted at large zenith angles resulting in a detection of the Galactic center on the level of 18 standard deviations at energies above ∼2.5 TeV. The energy spectrum is derived and is found to be compatible with hadronic, leptonic, and hybrid emission models discussed in the literature. Future, more detailed measurements of the high-energy cutoff and better constraints on the high-energy flux variability will help to refine and/or disentangle the individual models.

KW - Galaxy: center

KW - astroparticle physics

KW - black hole physics

KW - gamma rays: galaxies

KW - methods: data analysis

KW - radiation mechanisms: non-thermal

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84904682211&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84904682211&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1088/0004-637X/790/2/149

DO - 10.1088/0004-637X/790/2/149

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:84904682211

SN - 0004-637X

VL - 790

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

IS - 2

M1 - 149

ER -

Very-high energy observations of the galactic center region by veritas in 2010-2012

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