Oxygen isotope evidence for chemical interaction of Kīlauea historical magmas with basement rocks

Michael O. Garcia; Emi Ito; John M. Eiler

doi:10.1093/petrology/egm034

Oxygen isotope evidence for chemical interaction of Kīlauea historical magmas with basement rocks

Michael O. Garcia, Emi Ito, John M. Eiler

Earth and Environmental Sciences-Twin Cities

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26 Scopus citations

Abstract

Kīlauea historical summit lavas have a wide range in matrix δ¹⁸O_VSMOW values (4·9-5-6%) with lower values in rocks erupted following a major summit collapse or eruptive hiatus. In contrast, δ¹⁸O values for olivines in most of these lavas are nearly constant (5·1 ± 0·1‰). The disequilibrium between matrix and olivine δ¹⁸O values in many samples indicates that the lower matrix values were acquired by the magma after olivine growth, probably just before or during eruption. Both Mauna Loa and Kīlauea basement rocks are the likely sources of the contamination, based on O, Pb and Sr isotope data. However, the extent of crustal contamination of Kīlauea historical magmas is probably minor (>12%, depending on the assumed contaminant) and it is superimposed on a longer-term, cyclic geochemical variation that reflects source heterogeneity. Kīlauea's heterogeneous source, which is well represented by the historical summit lavas, probably has magma δ¹⁸O values within the normal mid-ocean ridge basalt mantle range (5·4-5·8‰) based on the new olivine δ⁸O values.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	757-769
Number of pages	13
Journal	Journal of Petrology
Volume	49
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egm034
State	Published - Apr 2008

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This paper is dedicated to David Green on the occasion of his 70th birthday. David has been an inspiration to all who study basaltic magmas. Thanks go to the many friends who have assisted with this study, including Sorena Sorensen for lending critical samples from the Smithsonian collection; Nancy Baker, Rachel Konishi, Joann Romano, Kate Bridges, Kristina Garcia and Joe Horrell for help in the field; Chad Shishido and Kelly Kolysko for sample preparation; to Rhea Workman for assistance with the laboratory work; and Reed McEwan and John Tacinnelli for matrix sample oxygen isotope analysis. Analytical work in the Caltech stable isotope laboratories was supported, in part, by NSF grant EAR-0337736 and a grant from the EAR Technician support program. Our thanks go to journal reviewers Amy Gaffney, J. M. Rhodes and Ilya Bindeman for their helpful comments. This paper is SOEST Contribution 7149, and was supported by NSF grants (EAR03-36874) to MG and (EAR-0345905) to JE.

Keywords

Basalt
Crustal contamination
Hawaii
Kīlauea
Oxygen isotopes

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title = "Oxygen isotope evidence for chemical interaction of Kīlauea historical magmas with basement rocks",

abstract = "Kīlauea historical summit lavas have a wide range in matrix δ18OVSMOW values (4·9-5-6%) with lower values in rocks erupted following a major summit collapse or eruptive hiatus. In contrast, δ18O values for olivines in most of these lavas are nearly constant (5·1 ± 0·1‰). The disequilibrium between matrix and olivine δ18O values in many samples indicates that the lower matrix values were acquired by the magma after olivine growth, probably just before or during eruption. Both Mauna Loa and Kīlauea basement rocks are the likely sources of the contamination, based on O, Pb and Sr isotope data. However, the extent of crustal contamination of Kīlauea historical magmas is probably minor (>12%, depending on the assumed contaminant) and it is superimposed on a longer-term, cyclic geochemical variation that reflects source heterogeneity. Kīlauea's heterogeneous source, which is well represented by the historical summit lavas, probably has magma δ18O values within the normal mid-ocean ridge basalt mantle range (5·4-5·8‰) based on the new olivine δ8O values.",

keywords = "Basalt, Crustal contamination, Hawaii, Kīlauea, Oxygen isotopes",

author = "Garcia, {Michael O.} and Emi Ito and Eiler, {John M.}",

note = "Funding Information: This paper is dedicated to David Green on the occasion of his 70th birthday. David has been an inspiration to all who study basaltic magmas. Thanks go to the many friends who have assisted with this study, including Sorena Sorensen for lending critical samples from the Smithsonian collection; Nancy Baker, Rachel Konishi, Joann Romano, Kate Bridges, Kristina Garcia and Joe Horrell for help in the field; Chad Shishido and Kelly Kolysko for sample preparation; to Rhea Workman for assistance with the laboratory work; and Reed McEwan and John Tacinnelli for matrix sample oxygen isotope analysis. Analytical work in the Caltech stable isotope laboratories was supported, in part, by NSF grant EAR-0337736 and a grant from the EAR Technician support program. Our thanks go to journal reviewers Amy Gaffney, J. M. Rhodes and Ilya Bindeman for their helpful comments. This paper is SOEST Contribution 7149, and was supported by NSF grants (EAR03-36874) to MG and (EAR-0345905) to JE.",

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doi = "10.1093/petrology/egm034",

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T1 - Oxygen isotope evidence for chemical interaction of Kīlauea historical magmas with basement rocks

AU - Garcia, Michael O.

AU - Ito, Emi

AU - Eiler, John M.

N1 - Funding Information: This paper is dedicated to David Green on the occasion of his 70th birthday. David has been an inspiration to all who study basaltic magmas. Thanks go to the many friends who have assisted with this study, including Sorena Sorensen for lending critical samples from the Smithsonian collection; Nancy Baker, Rachel Konishi, Joann Romano, Kate Bridges, Kristina Garcia and Joe Horrell for help in the field; Chad Shishido and Kelly Kolysko for sample preparation; to Rhea Workman for assistance with the laboratory work; and Reed McEwan and John Tacinnelli for matrix sample oxygen isotope analysis. Analytical work in the Caltech stable isotope laboratories was supported, in part, by NSF grant EAR-0337736 and a grant from the EAR Technician support program. Our thanks go to journal reviewers Amy Gaffney, J. M. Rhodes and Ilya Bindeman for their helpful comments. This paper is SOEST Contribution 7149, and was supported by NSF grants (EAR03-36874) to MG and (EAR-0345905) to JE.

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N2 - Kīlauea historical summit lavas have a wide range in matrix δ18OVSMOW values (4·9-5-6%) with lower values in rocks erupted following a major summit collapse or eruptive hiatus. In contrast, δ18O values for olivines in most of these lavas are nearly constant (5·1 ± 0·1‰). The disequilibrium between matrix and olivine δ18O values in many samples indicates that the lower matrix values were acquired by the magma after olivine growth, probably just before or during eruption. Both Mauna Loa and Kīlauea basement rocks are the likely sources of the contamination, based on O, Pb and Sr isotope data. However, the extent of crustal contamination of Kīlauea historical magmas is probably minor (>12%, depending on the assumed contaminant) and it is superimposed on a longer-term, cyclic geochemical variation that reflects source heterogeneity. Kīlauea's heterogeneous source, which is well represented by the historical summit lavas, probably has magma δ18O values within the normal mid-ocean ridge basalt mantle range (5·4-5·8‰) based on the new olivine δ8O values.

AB - Kīlauea historical summit lavas have a wide range in matrix δ18OVSMOW values (4·9-5-6%) with lower values in rocks erupted following a major summit collapse or eruptive hiatus. In contrast, δ18O values for olivines in most of these lavas are nearly constant (5·1 ± 0·1‰). The disequilibrium between matrix and olivine δ18O values in many samples indicates that the lower matrix values were acquired by the magma after olivine growth, probably just before or during eruption. Both Mauna Loa and Kīlauea basement rocks are the likely sources of the contamination, based on O, Pb and Sr isotope data. However, the extent of crustal contamination of Kīlauea historical magmas is probably minor (>12%, depending on the assumed contaminant) and it is superimposed on a longer-term, cyclic geochemical variation that reflects source heterogeneity. Kīlauea's heterogeneous source, which is well represented by the historical summit lavas, probably has magma δ18O values within the normal mid-ocean ridge basalt mantle range (5·4-5·8‰) based on the new olivine δ8O values.

KW - Basalt

KW - Crustal contamination

KW - Hawaii

KW - Kīlauea

KW - Oxygen isotopes

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Oxygen isotope evidence for chemical interaction of Kīlauea historical magmas with basement rocks

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

UN SDGs

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